Abstract: The lecture will cover 1) The epidemiology of dementia with a focus on sex differences in the prevalence and incidence; 2) Potential factors contributing to these differences, and the evidence to date on sex and gender differences in various dementia risk and protective factors; 3) The sex differences in diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease, clinical presentation and behavioural symptoms; 4) Recent considerations on sex differences in multidomain lifestyle interventions; 5) Sex differences in pharmacological clinical trials and the potential implications; 6) Disparities and inequities in Alzheimer’s disease research and their potential determinants and implications; 7) Patient and public involvement, engagement & participation; 8) Data disaggregation and reporting of results. The session will end with a discussion on how new collaborative initiatives can address the research gaps and advance this important research are.